Impacts of Green Energy Expansion and Gas Import Reduction on South Korea’s Economic Growth: A System Dynamics Approach

South Korea, ranking ninth among the largest energy consumers and seventh in carbon dioxide emissions from 2016 to 2021, faces challenges security climate change mitigation. The primary challenge lies transitioning fossil fuel dependency a more sustainable diversified portfolio while meeting growing demand for continued economic growth. This necessitates fostering innovation investment green sector. study examines potential impact of expansion (through integrating renewable hydrogen production) gas import reduction on Korea’s growth using system dynamics approach. findings indicate that increasing can result significant rates ranging 7% 35% between 2025 2040. Under expansion, scenario (A) suggests steady but long term, (B) displays rapid short term with possible instability term. total production Scenario B is USD 2.7 trillion will increase 4.8 by C, which combines effects both Scenarios A B, results consistently high over time substantial 2035–2040, 20% 46%. These are critical policymakers Korea as they strive transition energy.